3.C.词、句与篇的关系  Word Sentence Paragraph Composition *   新的课程标准中关于五级水平（即初中毕业要求达到的水平）的要求是：  A.能根据写作要求，收集、准备素材；  B.能独立起草短文、短信等，并在教师的指导下进行修改；  C.能使用常见的连接词表示顺序和逻辑关系；  D.能简单描述人物或事件；  E.能根据所给的图示或表格写出简单的段落或操作说明。   1.新课程标准中关于写的要求 书面表达是一项能充分考查学生语言综合能力的题型。   配合课程标准，使教师和学生对写的能力的培养引起足够的重视，可以说起到了一种导向作用。  是教材改革的发展趋势。   2. 中考引入书面表达的意义 3. 处理好三个方面的关系  A. 学生与大纲(课程标准)、教材的关系 B. 听、说、读与写的关系  C. 词、句与篇的关系 3. A. 学生与大纲(课程标准)、  教材的关系  大纲(课程标准)对写作的任务、形式、范围等方面作了具体的规定。 体裁、形式不离课本。   万变不离其宗，这个“宗”就是课本。把 握教材是提高我们英语书面表达水平的根本。 3.B.  听、说、读与写的关系  这里的“听”是指“听写”。     原始习作。 其次，“说”    增强语感,了解英汉差异, 熟悉日常用语           与习惯用语。 第三，“读”是写的基础。     读课文 , 课外阅读 C P1  P2 P3 P4 ... S1 S2  S3 S4... w1w2w3w4... 3.C.词、句与篇的关系 选词：根据图上信息，选用关键词来表达。 用词：选用恰当的词来表达。              e.g. borrow & lend,        stop to do sth. & stop doing sth. 掌握多种变通方式，可以用一句多译的练习来达成。    (1).I spent twenty yuan on my new watch.    (2).The new watch cost me twenty yuan.    (3).I paid twenty yuan for the new watch.   如“我花二十元买了块新手表”可以译为： 4. 书面表达的两种主要形式和具体要求  A. 记叙文(尤其是故事性的)  注意五个“W”，即：  when, where, who, what, why Time order:  In the library, The pan,  The accident Place order: A visit to the factory     Today we visited a farm. Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together. The farm workers gave us a warm welcome. Then the head of the farm showed us around. How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well. At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes or stories. Two of us even played a game of chess. The time passed quickly. Before we knew it, we had to say good-bye to the workers.  范文 1                                  Class 1 Junior 3 Zhejiang Hongda School                           December 2nd Dear Mr Smith,   I was so pleased to hear from you and writing to tell you something about my school. You are right. Quite a few changes have taken place(发生). On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new building---our library. In it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines（杂志）. The playground is now in front of the school. We have also planted a lot of trees in and around the school. I hope you come and see for yourself some day.  Best wishes.                                                                        Yours,                                                                        Li Hua 范文 2 4.书面表达的两种主要形式和具体要求  B. 其它应用文, 包括：书信、日记、通知、便条(请假条、电话留言、留言条)及贺卡等 。  C. 几种文体的结合, 这是很值得我们关注的一个趋向。如上面举例中的范文，是在信中进行说明，是一封信，但又是一篇以空间为顺序的说明文。  把范文1改用日记形式写： December 2nd